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Marine Autonomous Surface Ship - A Great Challenge to Maritime Education and Training

Received: 15 December 2019     Accepted: 4 January 2020     Published: 21 January 2020
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Abstract

As the rapid development of modern science and technology, significant progresses have been made in the research and testing of the Marine Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS). The navigation of traditional ships is based on seafarers, who makes all the decisions and operations. In the future, ships may be controlled and operated autonomously without intervention of human if MASS can reach the level of unmanned control. It can be predicted that the wider application of MASS will bring great changes to the shipping industry, and pose great challenges to seafarers knowledge structure, talent cultivation and etc. The application of new technologies on MASS, i.e. integrated bridge systems, environmental information perception, collision avoidance path planning, cyber-physical systems, track control, internet of things, cloud computing, big data, automation, remote control, satellite and communication, fault diagnosis and etc., will in no doubt bring new requirements to seafarers’ navigation knowledge and skills, and pose great challenges on the Maritime Education and Training (MET). Based on the new science and technologies to be applied on ships, this paper analyses the competence requirements of seafarers on MASS in different development level, predicts the impacts of MASS on MET and put forward the direction of seafarers’ MET in future.

Published in American Journal of Water Science and Engineering (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajwse.20200601.12
Page(s) 10-16
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

MASS, Seafarers, Maritime Education and Training, Challenges, Automatic Control

References
[1] IMO. MSC 98/23/Add.1/Corr.1-Report of the maritime safety committee on its ninety-eighth session, Maritime safety committee (MSC), 98th session, 7-16 June 2017 [EB/OL]. [2017-06-16]. http://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/Meeting Summaries/MSC/Pages/MSC-98th-session.aspx.
[2] IMO. MSC 99/22/Add.-Report of the maritime safety committee on its ninety-ninth session, Maritime safety committee (MSC), 99th session, 16-25 May 2018 [EB/OL]. [2018-05-25]. http://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/MeetingSummaries/MSC/Pages/MSC-99th-session.aspx.
[3] IMO. (2018). MSC 99/INF.3 - Final Report Analysis of Regulatory Barriers to the use of Autonomous Ships, submitted by Denmark. P67.
[4] CHWEDCZUK M. Analysis of the legal status of unmanned commercial vessels in U.S. admiralty and maritime law [J], Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce, 2016 (47).
[5] WU Qing, WANG Le, LIU Jialun. Research status and prospects of autonomous surface cargo ships [J]. CAAI Transactions on Intelligent Systems, 2019, 14 (01): 57-70.(In Chinese)
[6] Technical University of Denmark. (2017). A pre-analysis on autonomous ships. P 14.
[7] Maritime UK (2017). An Industry Code of Practice: Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships up to 24 metres in length (Version 1.0). P 15.
[8] LI Wenhua, ZHANG Junyan, LIN Shanying. The Development Path of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships Technology [J]. SHIP ENGINEERING, 2019, 41 (07): 64-73. (In Chinese).
[9] Yanzhuo Xue, D. Clelland, B. S. Lee, Duanfeng Han. Automatic simulation of ship navigation [J]. Ocean Engineering, 2011, 38 (17).
[10] PORATHE T. Maritime unmanned navigation through intelligence in networks: the MUNIN project [R]. 2013: 177–183.
[11] Li Xin, Jia Guixi, Wen Shiyun, Feng Jiankui, Song Jiatai. Research on the control strategy of unmanned tracking ship based on GPS [P]. Control Conference (CCC), 2012 31st Chinese, 2012.
[12] IMO. STCW including 2010 Manila amendments: STCW convention and STCW code [M]. London, International Maritime Organization, 2014.
[13] VEALR, TSIMPLISM. The integration of unmanned ships into the lex maritime [J], Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly, 2017 (2).
[14] TOMMI ARO, LAURI HEISKARI. Challenges of unmanned vessels [D]. University of Applied Sciences, 2017.
[15] Lu Mei, Sun Yuqing. China’s Maritime Education Facing the Age of MASS [J]. Maritime Education Research, 2019, 36 (02): 1-6. (In Chinese).
[16] CMI. Maritime law for unmanned craft [EB/OL]. [2017-08-19]. http://www.comitemaritime.org/Maritime-Law-for-Unmanned-Craft//0,2715,11533,00,html.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Wang Deling, Wu Dongkui, Huang Changhai, Wu Changyue. (2020). Marine Autonomous Surface Ship - A Great Challenge to Maritime Education and Training. American Journal of Water Science and Engineering, 6(1), 10-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20200601.12

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    ACS Style

    Wang Deling; Wu Dongkui; Huang Changhai; Wu Changyue. Marine Autonomous Surface Ship - A Great Challenge to Maritime Education and Training. Am. J. Water Sci. Eng. 2020, 6(1), 10-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20200601.12

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    AMA Style

    Wang Deling, Wu Dongkui, Huang Changhai, Wu Changyue. Marine Autonomous Surface Ship - A Great Challenge to Maritime Education and Training. Am J Water Sci Eng. 2020;6(1):10-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20200601.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajwse.20200601.12,
      author = {Wang Deling and Wu Dongkui and Huang Changhai and Wu Changyue},
      title = {Marine Autonomous Surface Ship - A Great Challenge to Maritime Education and Training},
      journal = {American Journal of Water Science and Engineering},
      volume = {6},
      number = {1},
      pages = {10-16},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajwse.20200601.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20200601.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajwse.20200601.12},
      abstract = {As the rapid development of modern science and technology, significant progresses have been made in the research and testing of the Marine Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS). The navigation of traditional ships is based on seafarers, who makes all the decisions and operations. In the future, ships may be controlled and operated autonomously without intervention of human if MASS can reach the level of unmanned control. It can be predicted that the wider application of MASS will bring great changes to the shipping industry, and pose great challenges to seafarers knowledge structure, talent cultivation and etc. The application of new technologies on MASS, i.e. integrated bridge systems, environmental information perception, collision avoidance path planning, cyber-physical systems, track control, internet of things, cloud computing, big data, automation, remote control, satellite and communication, fault diagnosis and etc., will in no doubt bring new requirements to seafarers’ navigation knowledge and skills, and pose great challenges on the Maritime Education and Training (MET). Based on the new science and technologies to be applied on ships, this paper analyses the competence requirements of seafarers on MASS in different development level, predicts the impacts of MASS on MET and put forward the direction of seafarers’ MET in future.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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    T1  - Marine Autonomous Surface Ship - A Great Challenge to Maritime Education and Training
    AU  - Wang Deling
    AU  - Wu Dongkui
    AU  - Huang Changhai
    AU  - Wu Changyue
    Y1  - 2020/01/21
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20200601.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajwse.20200601.12
    T2  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Water Science and Engineering
    SP  - 10
    EP  - 16
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-1875
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajwse.20200601.12
    AB  - As the rapid development of modern science and technology, significant progresses have been made in the research and testing of the Marine Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS). The navigation of traditional ships is based on seafarers, who makes all the decisions and operations. In the future, ships may be controlled and operated autonomously without intervention of human if MASS can reach the level of unmanned control. It can be predicted that the wider application of MASS will bring great changes to the shipping industry, and pose great challenges to seafarers knowledge structure, talent cultivation and etc. The application of new technologies on MASS, i.e. integrated bridge systems, environmental information perception, collision avoidance path planning, cyber-physical systems, track control, internet of things, cloud computing, big data, automation, remote control, satellite and communication, fault diagnosis and etc., will in no doubt bring new requirements to seafarers’ navigation knowledge and skills, and pose great challenges on the Maritime Education and Training (MET). Based on the new science and technologies to be applied on ships, this paper analyses the competence requirements of seafarers on MASS in different development level, predicts the impacts of MASS on MET and put forward the direction of seafarers’ MET in future.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

  • Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

  • Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

  • Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

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