This prospective study aimed to determine the impact of colostrogenesis on circulating serum titer against canine parvovirus (CPV-2) in the gravid bitch, and subsequent implications for timing of sample collection for nomograph analysis. CPV-2 is a deadly virus of global concern which mainly impacts susceptible puppies, inducing severe lymphopenia, gastroenteritis, and organ failure. Vaccinal blockade by maternally derived antibody is one of the main causes of modified-live CPV-2 vaccine “failure to immunize” in the puppy. Nomograph analysis intends to improve puppy immunization outcomes by providing a tailored vaccination schedule for a specific litter based on a conservative estimation of blockade length. To generate a nomograph, individual bitch antibody levels are determined and known half-life degradation is applied. The current study was undertaken to ensure optimal timing for serum sample collection to achieve the best diagnostic accuracy, and to prove our hypothesis that active transport and sequestration of immunoglobulin type G (IgG) specific for CPV-2 induces a temporary decline in circulating anti-CPV-2 antibody titer. Serum samples were collected from 56 pregnant beagle bitches at four timepoints: 4 weeks and 2 weeks pre-whelp, at whelp, and 2 weeks post-whelp. Sera were analyzed for specific antibody against CPV-2 by hemagglutination inhibition assay (HIA). Geometric mean titer values were statistically analyzed via repeated measures, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and Tukey’s multiple comparisons post hoc correction, with p-value set at <0.05. Seven of the 56 bitches (12.5%) showed a significant decrease in circulating anti-parvovirus titer at whelp (p<0.0001). These results prove our hypothesis and indicate that serum for titer and nomograph analysis of breeding bitches should be collected outside of the colostrogenesis window for the greatest accuracy.
| Published in | Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 12, Issue 5) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.avs.20241205.12 |
| Page(s) | 138-141 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Canine, Maternally Derived Antibody, Parvovirus, Nomograph, Colostrum
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APA Style
Lierman, S., Egerer, A., Larson, L. (2024). Circulating anti-Canine Parvovirus Antibody Titer Is Impacted by Colostrum Production in Breeding Bitches. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 12(5), 138-141. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20241205.12
ACS Style
Lierman, S.; Egerer, A.; Larson, L. Circulating anti-Canine Parvovirus Antibody Titer Is Impacted by Colostrum Production in Breeding Bitches. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2024, 12(5), 138-141. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20241205.12
AMA Style
Lierman S, Egerer A, Larson L. Circulating anti-Canine Parvovirus Antibody Titer Is Impacted by Colostrum Production in Breeding Bitches. Anim Vet Sci. 2024;12(5):138-141. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20241205.12
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author = {Shay Lierman and Azizeh Egerer and Laurie Larson},
title = {Circulating anti-Canine Parvovirus Antibody Titer Is Impacted by Colostrum Production in Breeding Bitches
},
journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
volume = {12},
number = {5},
pages = {138-141},
doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20241205.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20241205.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20241205.12},
abstract = {This prospective study aimed to determine the impact of colostrogenesis on circulating serum titer against canine parvovirus (CPV-2) in the gravid bitch, and subsequent implications for timing of sample collection for nomograph analysis. CPV-2 is a deadly virus of global concern which mainly impacts susceptible puppies, inducing severe lymphopenia, gastroenteritis, and organ failure. Vaccinal blockade by maternally derived antibody is one of the main causes of modified-live CPV-2 vaccine “failure to immunize” in the puppy. Nomograph analysis intends to improve puppy immunization outcomes by providing a tailored vaccination schedule for a specific litter based on a conservative estimation of blockade length. To generate a nomograph, individual bitch antibody levels are determined and known half-life degradation is applied. The current study was undertaken to ensure optimal timing for serum sample collection to achieve the best diagnostic accuracy, and to prove our hypothesis that active transport and sequestration of immunoglobulin type G (IgG) specific for CPV-2 induces a temporary decline in circulating anti-CPV-2 antibody titer. Serum samples were collected from 56 pregnant beagle bitches at four timepoints: 4 weeks and 2 weeks pre-whelp, at whelp, and 2 weeks post-whelp. Sera were analyzed for specific antibody against CPV-2 by hemagglutination inhibition assay (HIA). Geometric mean titer values were statistically analyzed via repeated measures, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and Tukey’s multiple comparisons post hoc correction, with p-value set at <0.05. Seven of the 56 bitches (12.5%) showed a significant decrease in circulating anti-parvovirus titer at whelp (p<0.0001). These results prove our hypothesis and indicate that serum for titer and nomograph analysis of breeding bitches should be collected outside of the colostrogenesis window for the greatest accuracy.
},
year = {2024}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Circulating anti-Canine Parvovirus Antibody Titer Is Impacted by Colostrum Production in Breeding Bitches AU - Shay Lierman AU - Azizeh Egerer AU - Laurie Larson Y1 - 2024/09/20 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20241205.12 DO - 10.11648/j.avs.20241205.12 T2 - Animal and Veterinary Sciences JF - Animal and Veterinary Sciences JO - Animal and Veterinary Sciences SP - 138 EP - 141 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5850 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20241205.12 AB - This prospective study aimed to determine the impact of colostrogenesis on circulating serum titer against canine parvovirus (CPV-2) in the gravid bitch, and subsequent implications for timing of sample collection for nomograph analysis. CPV-2 is a deadly virus of global concern which mainly impacts susceptible puppies, inducing severe lymphopenia, gastroenteritis, and organ failure. Vaccinal blockade by maternally derived antibody is one of the main causes of modified-live CPV-2 vaccine “failure to immunize” in the puppy. Nomograph analysis intends to improve puppy immunization outcomes by providing a tailored vaccination schedule for a specific litter based on a conservative estimation of blockade length. To generate a nomograph, individual bitch antibody levels are determined and known half-life degradation is applied. The current study was undertaken to ensure optimal timing for serum sample collection to achieve the best diagnostic accuracy, and to prove our hypothesis that active transport and sequestration of immunoglobulin type G (IgG) specific for CPV-2 induces a temporary decline in circulating anti-CPV-2 antibody titer. Serum samples were collected from 56 pregnant beagle bitches at four timepoints: 4 weeks and 2 weeks pre-whelp, at whelp, and 2 weeks post-whelp. Sera were analyzed for specific antibody against CPV-2 by hemagglutination inhibition assay (HIA). Geometric mean titer values were statistically analyzed via repeated measures, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and Tukey’s multiple comparisons post hoc correction, with p-value set at <0.05. Seven of the 56 bitches (12.5%) showed a significant decrease in circulating anti-parvovirus titer at whelp (p<0.0001). These results prove our hypothesis and indicate that serum for titer and nomograph analysis of breeding bitches should be collected outside of the colostrogenesis window for the greatest accuracy. VL - 12 IS - 5 ER -
Companion Animal Vaccines and Immuno Diagnostic Service (CAVIDS) Laboratory, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
Companion Animal Vaccines and Immuno Diagnostic Service (CAVIDS) Laboratory, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
Companion Animal Vaccines and Immuno Diagnostic Service (CAVIDS) Laboratory, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
